09
2023
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01
Selection of Refractories for Lining of Aluminum Melting Furnace
There are three main types of aluminum melting furnace: reverberatory furnace, rotary drum furnace and induction furnace (cored induction furnace and coreless induction furnace). The furnace lining is normally built with clay bricks, high-alumina refractory bricks and corundum-mullite bricks, and can also be cast or rammed with high-alumina refractory castables and refractory plastic.
The furnace lining of the reverberatory furnace is divided into fixed type and tilting type. The insulating layer of the fixed reverberatory furnace is made of refractory fiber felt or light clay bricks. The part above the molten pool is made of clay bricks as the working layer. It can also be made of high-alumina castable precast blocks or rammed with refractory plastic. The working layer of the molten pool is made of Grade I high alumina bricks; the working layer can also be cast with 75% high alumina and low cement castables, and the working lining can be made with mullite bricks and corundum bricks in areas with high temperature. Silicon carbide bricks are used for the construction of liquid aluminum flow mouth and liquid aluminum launder due to serious erosion.
The humidifying furnace is to blow chlorine into the molten pool while heating. The siphon lining is made of light refractory castables or light clay bricks as the insulation layer, and the working layer is made of dense clay bricks or corundum bricks. The insulating layer in the vacuum ladle is built with clay bricks or high-alumina refractory bricks.
The insulating layer of the lining of the rotary drum furnace is insulated with light clay bricks or floating bead bricks, and can also be poured with light refractory castables: the working layer is lined with clay bricks or three-level high-alumina bricks.
The induction furnace is built with clay bricks or three-level high-alumina refractory bricks. The furnace bottom is made of high-alumina refractory castables as the base, and then the high-alumina bricks are used. The furnace lining of induction furnace with capacity less than 10t shall be lined with high-alumina refractory castable with aluminum content of 75% or refractory ramming material, and corundum refractory castable can also be selected. The coil of furnace inductor is vibrated and compacted with corundum refractory castable.
Aluminum holding furnace is divided into channel induction furnace, resistance heating pool furnace and gas chamber furnace. The clay bricks are used for lining. 10mm asbestos board or refractory fiber felt shall be used against the furnace shell, and light clay brick shall be used as the thermal insulation layer; The working layer and coil of the furnace are poured with clay refractory ramming material or clay refractory castable, and the working layer of the large channel induction furnace is lined with three-level high-alumina refractory bricks.
The insulating layer of resistance heating tank furnace and gas chamber furnace shall be made of light clay bricks or light castables, and the working layer shall be made of high aluminum bricks with 80% aluminum content, or high aluminum castables. The parts above the molten pool shall be prefabricated with clay bricks or refractory castables, or rammed with high-alumina refractory plastic.
The non-working layer of aluminum liquid tank is made of light clay bricks or light castables, the working layer is made of clay bricks or high-alumina refractory bricks, the tank bottom is made of high-alumina refractory bricks or corundum refractory castables, and the casting mouth is made of silicon carbide bricks and corundum bricks.
The thermal equipment used for aluminum refining is electrolytic tank. The tank wall is made of magnesium bricks, and other parts are made of clay bricks and high-alumina bricks.
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